How to Secure RDP? – Best Practices

Businesses rely on Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) to let employees access their work computers from anywhere. RDP is helpful, but it can be risky if not secured properly. 

Cybercriminals target RDP frequently. Securing RDP is critical for businesses. This blog will explain how to secure RDP port with simple steps. Whether you use RDP for Windows Server 2022 or at home, this guide is will be worth your time. 

What is RDP?

RDP is a Microsoft tool that lets you connect to another computer over the internet or a network. With RDP, you can control a remote computer as if you were sitting in front of it. Many businesses use RDP to allow employees to access work systems remotely.

RDP works through port 3389 by default. This port makes remote access possible. RDP also includes remote desktop security to protect the data that is sent between devices. However, RDP has vulnerabilities if not configured securely. Cybercriminals search for open RDP ports to launch attacks. Knowing how to protect remote desktop connections is critical to staying safe.

Benefits of RDP for Businesses

RDP has many benefits that make it useful for businesses of all sizes. Here are some of the main advantages:

1. Allows Remote Work

Employees can work from home or any location. With RDP, they can access their work computers just as if they were sitting in the office. This is helpful for companies that support remote work.

2. Reduces Costs

RDP saves businesses money. Companies do not need to buy expensive hardware or software for remote access. It is built into Windows, so there is no extra cost for tools.

3. Easy to Set Up

RDP is very simple to set up. It comes as a built-in feature in Windows. IT teams can quickly enable and configure RDP without additional software.

4. Centralized IT Management

RDP makes it easier for IT teams to manage devices. They can monitor, update, and control multiple office computers from one location. This saves time and effort.

5. Provides Secure Connections

When configured correctly, RDP is a secure tool. It uses encryption to protect connections between devices. This keeps data safe during remote sessions.

Is RDP Secure?

You might ask, is remote desktop secure? The answer depends on how it is set up.

RDP can be secure if configured correctly. It uses encryption to protect the data sent between computers. But weak passwords, outdated software, and open ports can make it vulnerable.

Common security issues include:

• Exposed RDP ports (like port 3389)
• Weak login passwords
• Old or unpatched systems

Hackers often exploit these weaknesses to attack RDP systems. Following RDP security best practices is key to securing remote desktop access.

To enhance security, businesses often ask: “Which protocol adds security to remote connections?” The answer is enabling strong encryption protocols like TLS (Transport Layer Security).

Types of RDP Attacks

Cybercriminals use several methods to target RDP. These attacks can cause serious harm to businesses. Here are the most common attacks explained in detail:

1. Brute Force Attacks

In brute force attacks, hackers use automated tools to guess usernames and passwords. They try thousands or even millions of combinations until they find the correct one. If your RDP system uses a weak password, it won’t take long for hackers to break in. For example, passwords like “12345” or “password” are extremely easy to crack. The best way to stop brute force attacks is to use strong, complex passwords and enable multi-factor authentication (MFA). This makes it much harder for hackers to succeed.

2. Man-in-the-Middle Attacks

Man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks occur when hackers intercept the connection between the user and the RDP server. This usually happens when encryption is weak or missing. During a MITM attack, hackers can monitor everything you do and steal sensitive information like login credentials or company data. To prevent this, always enable remote desktop encryption and use secure protocols like TLS (Transport Layer Security).

3. RDP Port Scanning

Hackers scan networks to find open ports that allow RDP connections. By default, RDP uses port 3389. If this port is left open, it becomes a target for attackers. Once they find the port, they attempt to access your system. Changing the default RDP port to a less common number makes it harder for hackers to find. Additionally, firewalls can block unauthorized access to open ports.

4. Ransomware Attacks

Ransomware attacks are extremely dangerous. Hackers use RDP to install ransomware on a target system. Once installed, the ransomware encrypts all files and locks you out of your computer. Hackers then demand payment (a ransom) to unlock your data. Businesses that do not have backups are often forced to pay to recover their files. The best way to prevent ransomware is to secure your RDP access, use strong passwords, and back up your data regularly. Also, limit RDP access to only trusted IP addresses.

5. Credential Theft

In credential theft, hackers steal login details like usernames and passwords. They often do this through phishing emails or malware infections. Once they have your credentials, they can log into your RDP system without resistance. To stop this, use multi-factor authentication (MFA). Even if hackers steal your password, MFA will prevent them from accessing your system without the second authentication factor.

How to Setup RDP Through a Firewall?

Setting up your firewall properly is one of the most important steps to secure RDP. Without a strong firewall configuration, your system could be open to attacks. Follow these steps to secure your RDP system:

1. Open Firewall Settings

First, you need to check your firewall settings.

• Go to the Windows Firewall on your computer or server.
• Open the firewall management tool.
• Add an inbound rule to allow Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The default RDP port is port 3389.
• Be careful here. Allowing RDP should only be done after other security steps are in place.

2. Change the Default RDP Port

By default, RDP uses port 3389. Hackers know this and target it frequently.

• Change the RDP port to a different, less common number.
• This step makes it harder for attackers to find your RDP system.
• For example, use ports like 3390 or 45000. Make sure the new port doesn’t conflict with other applications.

3. Use IP Whitelisting

IP whitelisting adds another layer of security to your firewall settings.

• Only allow specific IP addresses to connect to RDP.
• For example, you can limit access to employees’ home IP addresses or your office network.
• This stops unauthorized users from trying to log in from unknown locations.
• IP whitelisting blocks all other traffic and reduces the risk of brute force attacks.

4. Enable Network Level Authentication (NLA)

Network Level Authentication (NLA) adds an extra layer of protection for RDP sessions.

• With NLA enabled, users must authenticate before connecting to the RDP server.
• This blocks attackers from establishing a connection unless they have valid credentials.
• To enable NLA:
  1. Go to your system settings.
  2. Find the Remote Desktop settings.
  3. Check the box to enable Network Level Authentication.
• NLA is a simple but effective way to improve RDP security.

5. Update Firewall Rules Regularly

Your firewall rules need to be checked and updated often.

• Regular updates stop hackers from finding weaknesses in your configuration.
• Remove old or unnecessary rules that could expose your system.
• Keep your firewall software updated to ensure you have the latest security patches.
• Monitor the firewall logs regularly to spot any unusual activity.

6. Test Your Firewall Configuration

Once you complete the setup, test your firewall.

• Try connecting to the RDP system from approved IP addresses.
• Make sure unauthorized IPs are blocked.
• Verify that the new RDP port works as expected.

By following these steps, you can properly set up RDP through a firewall. These actions help block unauthorized access, reduce vulnerabilities, and protect your business systems. A secure firewall is a vital part of protecting RDP from hackers and unwanted intrusions.

Key Security Risks of RDP Cybersecurity

RDP is a valuable tool for remote work, but it also brings security challenges. If businesses do not configure RDP properly, it can become an easy target for cybercriminals. Here are the main risks you need to know:

1. Default Port Usage (Port 3389)

By default, RDP uses port 3389. Hackers know this and use tools to scan for open ports. When they find an open RDP port, they attempt to break in. This makes default ports a major security risk.

• Changing the default RDP port to a less common number can make it harder for attackers to locate.
• For example, switch to a port like 3391 or 45000. Always test after making this change to ensure RDP works correctly.
• Blocking unused ports through a firewall is another effective step to reduce risk.

2. Weak Passwords

Weak or simple passwords make it easy for hackers to break into RDP systems. They use automated tools to guess passwords in what is known as a brute-force attack.

• Passwords like “12345,” “admin,” or “password” are easy to crack.
• Use strong passwords with at least 12 characters. Include uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols.
• Regularly change passwords to add another layer of protection.
• Combine passwords with multi-factor authentication (MFA) for even better security.

3. Exposed Internet-Facing Servers

Internet-facing servers that allow RDP are a major security concern. Hackers look for systems that are publicly available over the internet.

• Businesses must learn how to secure internet-facing RDS servers to block unauthorized access.
• Limit RDP access to specific IP addresses using IP whitelisting.
• Use firewalls to restrict public access and monitor traffic to these servers.
• Disconnect RDP access from the internet when it is not in use.

4. Outdated Software

Old or unpatched versions of RDP and Windows systems can have vulnerabilities. These flaws are frequently used by hackers to obtain access.

• Regular updates and patches are essential to fix known security issues.
• Enable automatic updates for Windows and RDP to stay protected.
• Outdated software can open doors to ransomware attacks, credential theft, and data breaches.
• Regularly review your system’s software to ensure it is up to date.

5. Lack of Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

Without MFA, an attacker with stolen credentials can easily access your RDP system. MFA considerably lowers the possibility of unauthorized access by introducing an extra step into the login procedure.

• MFA requires users to provide a second form of verification, such as a one-time code sent to their phone or email.
• Even if hackers steal your username and password, they cannot log in without the second factor.
• Enabling MFA is one of the simplest ways to improve RDP security.

6. Is Remote Desktop Encrypted?

Many businesses ask, “Is remote desktop encrypted?” The answer is yes, but it depends on proper configuration.

• RDP supports encryption to secure the data shared during a session.
• If encryption is not enabled, hackers can intercept your data during transmission.
• Use strong encryption protocols like TLS (Transport Layer Security) to keep data safe.
• Always check that your RDP sessions are encrypted and properly configured to prevent data theft.

By understanding these risks, businesses can take steps to secure their RDP systems. Simple changes, like using strong passwords, enabling MFA, and updating software, can make a big difference. Proper configuration and regular monitoring help protect RDP systems from cyberattacks and data breaches.

Best Practices for Securing RDP

Here are detailed and easy-to-follow steps to make RDP as secure as possible. Following these steps will help prevent unauthorized access and keep your system safe.

1. Use Strong Passwords

Passwords are your first line of defense against hackers. Weak passwords are the easiest way for attackers to gain access to RDP systems.

• Create passwords that are at least 12 characters long.
• Use a mix of uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols.
• Avoid using simple passwords like “12345,” “password,” or “admin.”
• Never use easy-to-guess information like birthdays, names, or common words.
• Change your passwords regularly to reduce risks.
• Use a password manager to create and store strong, unique passwords for each system.

2. Enable Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) adds an extra layer of protection to your login process.

• With MFA, users must verify their identity using two or more factors.
• For example, after entering a password, the system will send a code to the user’s phone or email.
• Even if hackers manage to steal your password, they cannot log in without the second factor.
• MFA significantly reduces the chances of unauthorized access.
• Many tools and software offer MFA options, so enabling it is easy.

3. Change the Default Port

RDP uses port 3389 by default. Hackers know this and often scan networks to find systems using this port.

• Change the default RDP port to a different, less common number.
• For example, you can use ports like 3390, 45000, or another random number.
• Changing the port makes it harder for attackers to locate your RDP connection.
• Be sure to update your firewall rules after changing the port to allow access.
• Test the new port to confirm that everything works correctly.

4. Limit Access

Not every user needs RDP access. Limiting access reduces risks and keeps systems more secure.

• Allow RDP access only for users who absolutely need it.
• Use role-based access control (RBAC) to give users permissions based on their role.
• Limit administrator access to only trusted staff members.
• Remove or disable RDP permissions for inactive users or former employees.
• Regularly review user access and permissions to keep everything updated.

5. Enable Network Level Authentication (NLA)

Network Level Authentication (NLA) adds an extra layer of security to RDP.

• With NLA enabled, users must authenticate before they can establish a connection.
• This stops unauthorized users from attempting to log in to your system.
• Enabling NLA ensures that only trusted and verified users can access RDP.
• To enable NLA:
  1. Go to your system’s Remote Desktop settings.
  2. Select the option for Network Level Authentication.
  3. Save the settings and test the connection.

6. Use IP Whitelisting

IP whitelisting restricts RDP access to specific, trusted IP addresses. This blocks everyone else.

• Allow RDP access only from approved locations, such as your office network or trusted employees’ home IP addresses.
• Use a firewall to set up IP whitelisting rules.
• Block all unknown or suspicious IP addresses by default.
• Review your whitelist regularly to keep it up to date.
• IP whitelisting greatly reduces the risk of unauthorized login attempts.

7. Use Remote Desktop Encryption

Encryption protects the data that is sent between devices during an RDP session. Without encryption, hackers can intercept your data.

• Ensure that encryption is enabled for all RDP connections.
• Use strong encryption protocols like TLS (Transport Layer Security) to secure your sessions.
• Verify that your RDP server settings are configured for high-level encryption.
• Encryption ensures that your data remains safe, even if attackers try to intercept it.

8. Monitor Connections

Monitoring your RDP connections helps you spot unusual activity and take action quickly.

• Regularly check RDP logs for suspicious login attempts or failed logins.
• Use monitoring tools to track who is connecting to your RDP system.
• Set up alerts for unusual activity, such as connections from unexpected locations.
• Review logs often to ensure that all connections are from authorized users.
• If you see suspicious activity, investigate immediately and take corrective steps.

9. Keep Systems Updated

Outdated software is a common target for hackers. Old versions of RDP or Windows may have vulnerabilities.

• Regularly update Windows operating systems, firewalls, and RDP software.
• Install the latest security patches and updates as soon as they are available.
• Enable automatic updates to ensure you don’t miss critical fixes.
• Check all systems regularly to confirm they are running the most recent versions.
• Updates fix vulnerabilities that hackers can exploit to gain access.

10. Use Firewalls

Firewalls act as a barrier between your network and potential attackers.

• Set up a firewall to control and monitor incoming and outgoing RDP connections.
• Allow RDP access only from trusted IP addresses using IP whitelisting.
• Block unused or unnecessary ports to reduce the attack surface.
• Review firewall rules regularly to keep them up to date.
• Firewalls are an essential defense layer that helps prevent unauthorized access to your RDP system.

By following these RDP security best practices, businesses can greatly reduce their risk of cyberattacks. Securing RDP requires a combination of strong passwords, encryption, firewalls, and limited access. Regular monitoring and updates are also critical to staying protected.

Secure Alternatives to RDP for Remote Access

While RDP is useful, some businesses prefer other tools for secure remote desktop access. Here are a few alternatives:

1. Virtual Private Networks (VPNs): VPNs create secure tunnels for remote access. They encrypt data and protect connections.
2. Cloud-Based Remote Access Tools: Platforms like TeamViewer and AnyDesk offer secure and easy-to-use remote access options.
3. Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA): ZTNA ensures only verified users can access specific systems.
4. SSH Protocol: SSH (Secure Shell) is another secure protocol for remote connections.

These tools can provide additional layers of security for remote access systems.

Strengthen RDP Security with PureVPN White Label

RDP is a useful tool for businesses that need remote access, but it is often a target for cyberattacks. PureVPN White Label offers a secure and encrypted VPN solution to protect RDP traffic. It hides your connection from hackers and reduces risks like brute-force attacks.

PureVPN White Label is designed for businesses to ensure safe remote access. It encrypts RDP sessions and allows connections only from trusted IPs. This helps keep sensitive data safe, meet security requirements, and create a secure remote work environment.

Conclusion

Securing RDP is essential for businesses that rely on remote access. Cybercriminals often target RDP through weak passwords, exposed ports, and outdated systems. By following the RDP security best practices mentioned in this guide, businesses can reduce risks and keep their systems secure.